At this stage i didn't know whether i wanted to do Paul Rand or Neville Brody. So in order to pick which one i wanted to discuss in my essay. I collected research from both graphic designers to help me to decide.
Paul Rand
Paul Rand was an American graphic designer who was born in 1914 and died in 1996. He was most famously known for designing the IBM logo which was created in 1956. Along side the IBM logo he designed the, UPS,Westinghouse and ABC logo.
Paul Rand's work was influenced by, Jan Tschichold, Cassandre, Paul Cezanne which i thought was quite an unusual one and Moholy-Nagy. Even though Rand liked the creative process of design he was very much into books. This is where Jan Tschichold comes into it. Tschichold was a typographer, book designer and writer. He was most famous for redesigning Penguin paperbacks. The link between Rand and Tschichold work is that they are both creative with there designs especially with type.
Another one of Rand's influences was Paul cezanne who was a post impressionist painter, Cezanne used quite bold colours in his work which is reflected on Rand work.
Moholy- Nagy was an hungarian painter, photographer and teacher. He taught at the bauhaus. During his time there which links in with Tschichold, he designed all of the typographic layout of the Bauhaus books and also some cover designs. The colours he used in his designs were quite sharp, bold colours, which is similar to the way Rand uses colour.
Neville Brody
Brody's work focuses on the evolution of a new visual language that questions and creates a dialogue on the role of electronic design in communication. Where he uses aesthetic elements from art deco and betrays non European influences.
During the 1980s he had the opportunity of designing postage stamps for Deutch PTT, which were followed by 2 major television graphic projects, The German cable channel premier and the Austrian state Broadcasting company ORF.
In the 1990s Brody opened Font Works with Stuart Jenson and became a director of font shop. Where he launched the experimental type magazine 'Fuse'.
Brody's work was influenced by Man Ray and Lazlo's Maholy this links in with Paul Rand's influences.
Neville brody' work and Man ray's work are linked in the sense that they both like to collect a mixture of sources and combine them together to make a different image or style this fits with the theory Radical Electicism.
Here is a bit of background on Man Ray
Man Ray, born Emmanuel Radnitzky (August 27, 1890 – November 18, 1976), was an American artist who spent most of his career in Paris, France. Perhaps best described simply as a modernist, he was a significant contributor to both the Dada and Surrealist movements, although his ties to each were informal. Best known in the art world for his avant-garde photography, Man Ray produced major works in a variety of media and considered himself a painter above all. He was also a renowned fashion and portrait photographer. He is noted for his photograms, which he renamed "rayographs" after himself.
While appreciation for Man Ray's work beyond his fashion and portrait photography was slow in coming during his lifetime, especially in his native United States, his reputation has grown steadily in the decades since.
In 1999, ARTnews magazine named him one of the 25 most influential artists of the 20th century, citing his groundbreaking photography as well as "his explorations of film, painting, sculpture, collage, assemblage, and prototypes of what would eventually be called performance art and conceptual art and saying "Man Ray offered artists in all media an example of a creative intelligence that, in its 'pursuit of pleasure and liberty,'"—Man Ray's stated guiding principles—"unlocked every door it came to and walked freely where it would."
Neville Brody timeline
1957- Neville was born in southgate London
1975- he started his fine art foundation course at Hornsey college of art
1976- he started his B.A in graphics at London college of printing which was for three years
1980- Fetish records Art Director
1981- he became Art Director for 'The Face' magazine
1982- Designed album covers such as Throbbing Gristle, 8 Eyed Spy, 8 Z'ev and Stephen Mallinder he also designed an article called "Workwear" for 'The Face" magazine
1983- The Face magazine #34 cover for a member of the band 'New order'
1988- The release of 'Graphic language of Neville brody part 1' also Works and Designs for Nike.
1990- Fontworks opened and creates font FF Blur
1994- release of 'Graphic language of Neville Brody part 2' and founds Research Studios
2006- creates new font 'Times Modern' created for The Times and creates visual identity for famous Paris contemporary art exhibition Nuit Blanche
2007- Brody's team launches a new champagne brand Dom perignon
Here is some of his work
Postmodernism
I think this is one of the most hardest topics i have ever come across in contextual studies. As we were briefed on this topic i wrote some notes down
Modernism- how the world looks,
Modernity- moving forward, capitalism, transport, industrial
Post modern- is post 1960s and is the opposite to modernism, challenging modernism, identity, globalisation, confused/complex freedom
multimedia, video, film, photography brought into a hybrid form which is one of the conditions in post modernism
characteristics modernity- progress, optimism, rationality, knowledge in science, technology society and politics, idea of gaining knowledge of the time self was the only foundation for all other knowledge.
post modern traits- unconventional layouts, double coding pluralism, unique typefaces mix of sans serifs and serifs
modern design was forward looking postmodern design tends to look in the past
1960s- pop culture, art, media expanding, advertising rebellion 1968 also the war had ended and women were gaining more rights, women liberation,birth control came in 1961, sexual freedom and changes in the economy
late 1970s- punk movement
the notion of purity in artistic practice and interpretation might be related
modernism 50s - type was clean and legible
60s - was doing the opposite with type technology came in media pop art and abstract stuff
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